linux instead

To convert most video files into DVD compatible mpg files, mencoder is a good option.

The following will convert to PAL widescreen format.

mencoder -oac lavc -ovc lavc -of mpeg -mpegopts format=dvd -vf scale=720:576,harddup -srate 48000 -af lavcresample=48000 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg2video:vrc_buf_size=1835:vrc_maxrate=9800:vbitrate=5000:keyint=15:aspect=16/9:acodec=ac3:abitrate=192 -ofps 25 -o "OUTPUT.mpg" "INPUT.avi"

I’ve just installed the 64bit version of Ubuntu 9.04 onto my main desktop PC. Everything was going well until I wanted to print a document.
No, my printer was correctly detected and when I clicked ‘print’ the printer burst into life as expected. But after printing about half of the first page the printer just stopped. My printer is a HP Deskjet F2100 series (F2180 to be precise).

I tried everything, google didn’t throw up anything useful, I installed later HP drivers but noting fixed it.

After a lot of head scratching ad experimenting I did notice something odd. The USB device as owned by a user I did not have permissions for. I wasn’t expecting this to be the cause of the problem because if it was due to permissions then surely the printer would not print at all?!?

I was wrong, and adding myself to the group that owned the USB device has fixed it. As this seemed quite off the wall I thought I’d share…
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For this to work your CPU and motherboard needs to support vt (intel) or amd-v. You can check this by looking at the flags in /proc/cpuinfo. Your looking for either vmx or svm on the flags line.

If you’re doing this from your DOM0 then these flags may not actually show up. Instead type xm info and look for ‘hvm’ on the virt_caps line.

For my hvm install, i’ll be installing Ubuntu 9.04 Desktop Linux.
I have copied the live CD ISO onto my XEN DOM0 and will be installing directly from the iso rather than burning the CD. I have also created a 10GB LVM logical volume to act as the disk for my new DOMU.
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This is a quick guide to setting up a Linux software RAID mirror (aka RAID 1).

There are a couple of toolsets for managing raid on Linux, raidtools and mdadm. This guide will use mdadm because imho it has better commands and features for monitoring.

Right, first you’ll need a couple of disk partitions of about the same size. These should be on separate disks or you’ll be defeating the point of raid mirroring
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Sometimes I find it useful to switch to hex mode when editing a file in vi. The command for switching is not very obvious so thought I’d share…

So, open a file in vi as usual, hit escape and type:
:%!xxd to switch into hex mode

And when your done hit escape again and type:
:%!xxd -r to exit from hex mode.

If you’ve followed my guide to installing xen from source then you might now be wondering how to create your first VM.
This guide will show you how to manually create and install a VM (known as a DOMU instance in Xen) without any additional tools such as virt-manager, virt-install or virsh. These tools can help the novice, but are quite limiting when it comes to the advance features of xen.

For this example I’ll be installing CentOS5, but this should work for any red-hat based distro (please note there is a bug in fedora10 that stops it booting under xen). This example also uses the paravirtual kernel so it will work even if your CPU does not support AMD-V or intel-VT.

Right, down to business. The first thing we need to do is create a file to user as the hard disk for the DOMU. There are other options for providing hard disks to a DOMU, and I’ll cover some of them in a later guide but for this install I’ll be using a file.

The command below will create an 8GB file that will be used as an 8GB drive. The whole file will be written to disk in one go so may take a short while to complete.
dd if=/dev/zero of=/xenimages/test01/disk1.img oflag=direct bs=1M count=8192
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This is a quick and dirty guide to setting up an LVM based filesystem.

First create some disk partitions. In this example I’ve got two identical unformatted partitions on a couple of hard drives. These appear in /dev as sda4 and sdb4. Please note your partition number will most likely be different.
Also note that it’s easy to break your system with some of these commands. You have been warned, so don’t blame me if you wipe your system out!

First make the partitions available to LVM:
pvcreate /dev/sda4
Physical volume “/dev/sda4″ successfully created
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As you might expect, the software that accompanied my Everio HDD camcorder when I bought it was not compatible with Linux. Just as well we don’t actually need any special software to download recordings onto your favourite OS (yes I do mean Linux!)

Plug everything in, USB and the power adapter then switch the camera into PLAY mode.

At this point you should be presented with the usual KDE or GNOME window and be able to view/copy the files in the same way as you would a USB memory stick.

However, there are a couple of drawbacks with this. First, just dragging the files will create a copy on your PC with timestamps of when you copied the videos, not actually filmed them. Second, the video files on your camcorder end in .mod and not .mpg which would be preferable for compatible playback.

So we’ll be using the command line to copy recording and rename them. There’s not much to it really… (continue reading…)

There are many GUI programs that allow you to convert avi/divx/xvid files into DVD format, such as DeVeDe, but I somehow prefer to use command line tools. I know, I’m just weird like that!

There are 3 basic steps in creating a simple DVD:

1. Convert the video files
2. create the DVD structure
3. Burn the DVD

So, to convert a file to a DVD compatible format use something like:

ffmpeg -i "non dvd format input video.avi" -y -target pal-dvd -sameq -aspect 16:9 output.mpg

Next we need to create the DVD structure. We’ll use dvdauthor for this.
Rather than pass eveything into dvdauthor via the command line, it’s easier to put the settings into an xml file. (continue reading…)